:root{--pa-masthead-logo-height: clamp(42px, 6vw, 72px);--pa-masthead-height: auto;--pa-ask-action-width: min(560px, 100%);--pa-sticky-nav-top: 0px;--pa-nav-gap: clamp(24px, 3.2vw, 40px)}*,*:before,*:after{box-sizing:border-box}html,body{margin:0;padding:0;width:100%;overflow-x:clip}body{font-family:var(--pa-font-sans);color:var(--pa-chrome-fg);background:var(--pa-bg);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}img{display:block;max-width:100%}button{font:inherit;color:inherit;background:none;border:0;cursor:pointer;padding:0}.skip-link{position:absolute;left:-9999px}.skip-link:focus{position:fixed;left:12px;top:12px;z-index:100}.mast{border-bottom:1px solid var(--pa-chrome-rule);background:var(--pa-white);color-scheme:light;position:sticky;top:0;z-index:40}.mast-inner{max-width:1320px;margin:0 auto;padding:var(--pa-space-6) var(--pa-space-8) var(--pa-space-5);display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:var(--pa-space-4)}.mast-left,.mast-right{display:none}.mast-stack{width:100%;max-width:640px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:14px}.mast-edition{margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.04em;color:var(--pa-chrome-muted);text-align:center}.search-btn.mast-ask{contain:layout style}.search-btn{width:var(--pa-ask-action-width);max-width:100%;min-height:48px;padding:0 18px;gap:10px;border-radius:999px;border:1px solid var(--pa-chrome-rule);background:var(--pa-white);box-shadow:none;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;color:var(--pa-chrome-muted);font-size:14px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:0;cursor:pointer;transition:border-color var(--pa-dur-base) var(--pa-ease-out),color var(--pa-dur-base) var(--pa-ease-out),box-shadow var(--pa-dur-base) var(--pa-ease-out);overflow:hidden}.ask-bubbles{display:inline-flex;gap:5px;flex-shrink:0}.ask-bubbles i{width:8px;height:8px;border-radius:4px;border:1.5px solid currentColor;display:block;color:var(--pa-chrome-accent-hint);animation:pa-ask-dot-pulse 2.4s var(--pa-ease-in-out) infinite}.ask-bubbles i:nth-child(2){animation-delay:.16s}.ask-bubbles i:nth-child(3){animation-delay:.32s}.search-copy{min-width:0;flex:1;display:flex;flex-direction:row;align-items:flex-start;line-height:1}.search-label{display:block;width:100%;min-width:0;color:var(--pa-chrome-muted);font-size:14px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.15;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.search-btn:hover{border-color:var(--pa-ink-400);color:var(--pa-chrome-fg);box-shadow:none}.search-btn:hover .ask-bubbles i{background:currentColor}.search-btn:focus-visible{outline:none;border-color:var(--pa-ink-400);box-shadow:var(--pa-shadow-ring-focus)}@keyframes pa-ask-dot-pulse{0%,to{background:transparent;transform:translateY(0)}42%{background:currentColor;transform:translateY(-1px)}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.ask-bubbles i{animation:none}}.brand{min-width:0;min-height:0;padding:0;border:0;box-shadow:none;background:transparent;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:clamp(8px,1.1vw,14px);flex-shrink:0;font-size:var(--pa-masthead-logo-height)}.brand .mark{height:34px;width:auto}.brand-wordmark{font-family:Fraunces,Georgia,serif;font-weight:700;line-height:1}.nav{border-bottom:1px solid var(--pa-chrome-rule);background:var(--pa-white);color-scheme:light;position:sticky;top:0;z-index:39;overflow:hidden}.nav-inner{max-width:1320px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--pa-space-8);min-height:52px;display:flex;gap:var(--pa-nav-gap);align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow-x:auto;scrollbar-width:none;-webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent 0,#000 24px,#000 calc(100% - 24px),transparent 100%);mask-image:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent 0,#000 24px,#000 calc(100% - 24px),transparent 100%)}.nav-inner::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.nav a{padding:17px 2px 16px;font-family:var(--pa-font-sans);font-size:13px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:none;color:var(--pa-chrome-muted);white-space:nowrap;position:relative;transition:color var(--pa-dur-base) var(--pa-ease-out)}.nav a:after{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;height:2px;background:var(--pa-chrome-nav-underline);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:center;transition:transform var(--pa-dur-base) var(--pa-ease-out)}.nav a:hover{color:var(--pa-chrome-fg)}.nav a:hover:after{transform:scaleX(1);opacity:.35}.nav a.active{color:var(--pa-chrome-nav-active);font-weight:600}.nav a.active:after{transform:scaleX(1);opacity:1}.nav .nav-podcast{color:var(--pa-chrome-muted)}.nav .highlight{color:var(--pa-chrome-fg);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:none;font-size:13px}.nav .highlight:after{display:block;opacity:0}.nav .highlight:hover{color:var(--pa-editorial-accent)}.nav .highlight:hover:after,.nav .highlight:focus-visible:after{opacity:1;background:var(--pa-editorial-accent)}.wrap{max-width:1320px;margin:0 auto;padding:var(--pa-space-12) var(--pa-space-8) var(--pa-space-24)}.footer{margin-top:96px;border-top:2px solid var(--pa-chrome-fg);padding:56px 0 44px;color:var(--pa-chrome-muted);background:var(--pa-white)}.footer-inner{max-width:1320px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 32px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.4fr repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:44px 40px}.footer-label{font-family:var(--pa-font-sans);font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--pa-chrome-muted);margin:0 0 16px;padding-bottom:10px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--pa-chrome-rule)}.footer ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:11px}.footer a{font-size:13px;line-height:1.45;color:var(--pa-chrome-link);transition:color var(--pa-dur-base) var(--pa-ease-out)}.footer a:hover{color:var(--pa-chrome-link-hover)}.footer .about{max-width:300px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--pa-chrome-muted)}.footer .about .brand{justify-content:flex-start;margin-bottom:18px}.footer .about .brand-wordmark{font-size:clamp(1.75rem,3vw,2.25rem)}.footer-bottom{max-width:1320px;margin:44px auto 0;padding:24px 32px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--pa-chrome-rule);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:20px;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.03em;color:var(--pa-chrome-muted)}.footer-bottom .links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px 24px}.footer-bottom a{color:var(--pa-chrome-muted)}.footer-bottom a:hover{color:var(--pa-chrome-fg)}@media(max-width:900px){:root{--pa-masthead-logo-height: 44px;--pa-nav-gap: 26px}.mast-inner{padding:20px 20px 18px;gap:16px}.mast-stack{gap:14px}.search-btn{min-width:0;width:100%;min-height:48px;padding:0 14px}.search-label{font-size:13px}.nav-inner{padding:0 48px 0 16px;justify-content:flex-start;min-height:48px;-webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent 0,#000 20px,#000 calc(100% - 36px),transparent 100%);mask-image:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent 0,#000 20px,#000 calc(100% - 36px),transparent 100%)}.nav a{padding:14px 2px;font-size:12px}.footer-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:36px 28px;padding:0 20px}.footer-bottom{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.footer .about{grid-column:1 / -1;max-width:none}}@media(max-width:480px){:root{--pa-masthead-logo-height: 34px;--pa-nav-gap: 18px}.mast-inner{padding:14px 12px;gap:12px}.search-btn{min-height:46px;padding:0 12px}.search-label{font-size:12px}.nav-inner{padding:0 48px 0 12px}.footer-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr}.footer-bottom{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.footer-bottom .links{gap:12px}}body.pa-search-open .mast .search-btn{color:var(--pa-fg-muted);background:var(--pa-white);border-color:var(--pa-border-strong);box-shadow:none;filter:none}body.pa-search-open .mast .search-label{color:var(--pa-fg-muted)}body.pa-search-open .mast .ask-bubbles i{color:var(--pa-accent);background:transparent;filter:none}body.pa-search-open [data-region=masthead],body.pa-search-open [data-region=primary-nav],body.pa-search-open [data-region=main-content],body.pa-search-open [data-region=site-footer]{transform:scale(.992) translateZ(0);filter:blur(2px) saturate(.88);opacity:.44;pointer-events:none;transition:transform var(--pa-search-transition-duration, .42s) var(--pa-search-ease-open, cubic-bezier(.22, 1, .36, 1)),filter var(--pa-search-transition-duration, .42s) var(--pa-search-ease-open, cubic-bezier(.22, 1, .36, 1)),opacity calc(var(--pa-search-transition-duration, .42s) * .92) var(--pa-search-ease-open, cubic-bezier(.22, 1, .36, 1))}body.pa-search-open.is-ask-closing [data-region=masthead],body.pa-search-open.is-ask-closing [data-region=primary-nav],body.pa-search-open.is-ask-closing [data-region=main-content],body.pa-search-open.is-ask-closing [data-region=site-footer]{transition-timing-function:var(--pa-search-ease-close, cubic-bezier(.65, 0, .35, 1))}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){body.pa-search-open [data-region=masthead],body.pa-search-open [data-region=primary-nav],body.pa-search-open [data-region=main-content],body.pa-search-open [data-region=site-footer]{transform:none;filter:none;opacity:.2;transition:opacity .12s var(--pa-ease-out)}}